See hwat on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwat\nOld English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad\nOld Frisian: hwet\nSaterland Frisian: wät\nWest Frisian: wat\nOld Saxon: hwat\nMiddle Low German: wat\nLow German: wat\nOld Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat\nOld High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwat\nOld English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad\nOld Frisian: hwet\nSaterland Frisian: wät\nWest Frisian: wat\nOld Saxon: hwat\nMiddle Low German: wat\nLow German: wat\nOld Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat\nOld High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hvat\nIcelandic: hvað\nFaroese: hvat\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kva, kvat; (dialectal) k(v)att, kåt, ka, ke, ko, kø, hot, høt, hø, ho\nJamtish: hut, hvuð\nOld Swedish: hvat, hvadh\nSwedish: vad, hvad (pre-1906 spelling)\nOld Danish: hwat\nDanish: hvad\nNorwegian Bokmål: hva",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hvat\nIcelandic: hvað\nFaroese: hvat\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kva, kvat; (dialectal) k(v)att, kåt, ka, ke, ko, kø, hot, høt, hø, ho\nJamtish: hut, hvuð\nOld Swedish: hvat, hvadh\nSwedish: vad, hvad (pre-1906 spelling)\nOld Danish: hwat\nDanish: hvad\nNorwegian Bokmål: hva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷód",
"4": "",
"5": "what"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷód (“what”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kʷód (“what”), *kʷod, neuter form of *kʷós (“who”), *kʷós, *kʷis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "*hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwat",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "hwaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative singular neuter of *hwaz"
],
"id": "en-hwat-gem-pro-pron-w7lAMxQE",
"links": [
[
"*hwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwaz"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"reconstruction",
"singular"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "what"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "79 0 0 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 14 14 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of what"
],
"id": "en-hwat-enm-pron-dv8nhCX0",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what#Middle_English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in Early Middle English) Alternative spelling of what"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in Early Middle English"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwæt"
},
"expansion": "Old English hwæt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hwaz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hwaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hwat. Compare Old English hwæt, Old Frisian hwet, Old High German hwaz, Old Norse hvat, Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-pronint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hwat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwēna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwēmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwēmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "hwat n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hwat",
"2": "hwat",
"3": "hwes",
"4": "hwēmu",
"5": "hwē",
"6": "hwēna",
"7": "hwes",
"8": "hwēmu",
"head": "hwat"
},
"name": "osx-decl-pronint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whatever you did...",
"roman": "Sō hwat sō gī dādun...",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 4409",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "\"What will you give me here?\", said he...",
"roman": "\"Hwat williad gī mī sellien hēr?\", quađ hē...",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 4481",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "\"For they do not know what they do\"",
"ref": "9th c. Heliand, verse 5542",
"text": "\"Hwand sia ni witun, hwat sia [duot]\",",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what"
],
"id": "en-hwat-osx-pron-dJqywNBs",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "\"What kind of man are you?\"",
"roman": "\"Hwat bist thū manno?\"",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 5342",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what kind (+genitive)"
],
"id": "en-hwat-osx-pron-eXGsrkh-",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Low German: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: wat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwæt"
},
"expansion": "Old English hwæt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hwaz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hwaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hwat. Compare Old English hwæt, Old Frisian hwet, Old High German hwaz, Old Norse hvat, Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lo!, what!, indeed!"
],
"id": "en-hwat-osx-intj-Y8yk~OwL",
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
]
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwæt"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hwet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hwet"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "wät"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: wät",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: wät"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: wat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwat"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hwat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hwat"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Low German: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: wat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "waz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwat.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-personal pronouns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "miʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þiʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unkar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkwar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "wiʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jiʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "iwwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "iwwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unsar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "iuwar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwat",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what (interrogative)"
],
"id": "en-hwat-gmw-pro-pron-oujHlAEc",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon interjections",
"Old Saxon interrogative pronouns",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon pronouns",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "what"
}
],
"categories": [
"Early Middle English",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English pronouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of what"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what#Middle_English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in Early Middle English) Alternative spelling of what"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in Early Middle English"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon interjections",
"Old Saxon interrogative pronouns",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon pronouns",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwæt"
},
"expansion": "Old English hwæt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hwaz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hwaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hwat. Compare Old English hwæt, Old Frisian hwet, Old High German hwaz, Old Norse hvat, Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-pronint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hwat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwēna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwēmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "hwēmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "hwat n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hwat",
"2": "hwat",
"3": "hwes",
"4": "hwēmu",
"5": "hwē",
"6": "hwēna",
"7": "hwes",
"8": "hwēmu",
"head": "hwat"
},
"name": "osx-decl-pronint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whatever you did...",
"roman": "Sō hwat sō gī dādun...",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 4409",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "\"What will you give me here?\", said he...",
"roman": "\"Hwat williad gī mī sellien hēr?\", quađ hē...",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 4481",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "\"For they do not know what they do\"",
"ref": "9th c. Heliand, verse 5542",
"text": "\"Hwand sia ni witun, hwat sia [duot]\",",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "\"What kind of man are you?\"",
"roman": "\"Hwat bist thū manno?\"",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 5342",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what kind (+genitive)"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon interjections",
"Old Saxon interrogative pronouns",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon pronouns",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Low German: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: wat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwæt"
},
"expansion": "Old English hwæt",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hwaz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hwaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hwat. Compare Old English hwæt, Old Frisian hwet, Old High German hwaz, Old Norse hvat, Gothic 𐍈𐌰 (ƕa).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lo!, what!, indeed!"
],
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo"
],
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
]
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwat\nOld English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad\nOld Frisian: hwet\nSaterland Frisian: wät\nWest Frisian: wat\nOld Saxon: hwat\nMiddle Low German: wat\nLow German: wat\nOld Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat\nOld High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hwat\nOld English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad\nOld Frisian: hwet\nSaterland Frisian: wät\nWest Frisian: wat\nOld Saxon: hwat\nMiddle Low German: wat\nLow German: wat\nOld Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat\nOld High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hvat\nIcelandic: hvað\nFaroese: hvat\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kva, kvat; (dialectal) k(v)att, kåt, ka, ke, ko, kø, hot, høt, hø, ho\nJamtish: hut, hvuð\nOld Swedish: hvat, hvadh\nSwedish: vad, hvad (pre-1906 spelling)\nOld Danish: hwat\nDanish: hvad\nNorwegian Bokmål: hva",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hvat\nIcelandic: hvað\nFaroese: hvat\nNorwegian Nynorsk: kva, kvat; (dialectal) k(v)att, kåt, ka, ke, ko, kø, hot, høt, hø, ho\nJamtish: hut, hvuð\nOld Swedish: hvat, hvadh\nSwedish: vad, hvad (pre-1906 spelling)\nOld Danish: hwat\nDanish: hvad\nNorwegian Bokmål: hva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷód",
"4": "",
"5": "what"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷód (“what”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kʷód (“what”), *kʷod, neuter form of *kʷós (“who”), *kʷós, *kʷis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "*hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwat",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic interrogative pronouns",
"Proto-Germanic non-lemma forms",
"Proto-Germanic pronoun forms",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "hwaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative singular neuter of *hwaz"
],
"links": [
[
"*hwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwaz"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"reconstruction",
"singular"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwæt"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hwæt, huæt, huæd, huædd, huætd, huædt, hwet, wæt, whæt, hwat\nMiddle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hwet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hwet"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "wät"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: wät",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: wät"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: wat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwat"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hwat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hwat"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Low German: wat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: wat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: wat\nMiddle Dutch: wat\nAfrikaans: wat\nDutch: wat\nLimburgish: waat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "waz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: waz, whaz, hwaz, hwat\nMiddle High German: waz, wat\nAlemannic German: waas, waa, was, wa (unstressed)\nCentral Franconian: wat\nCimbrian: bas, baz (Luserna)\nHunsrik: was\nGerman: was\nLuxembourgish: wat\nYiddish: וואָס (vos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwat.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-personal pronouns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "miʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þiʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unkar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "inkwar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "wiʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jiʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "iwwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "iwwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "unsar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "iuwar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*hwat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwat",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic pronouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"what (interrogative)"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hwat"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hwat meaning in All languages combined (17.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.